Infinitely often and almost always: Difference between revisions
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==Analogy with sequences of real numbers== | ==Analogy with sequences of real numbers== | ||
Let <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> be a sequence of real numbers, | Let <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> be a sequence of real numbers, let <math>\epsilon > 0</math> be a real number, and let <math>x</math> be a real number. | ||
We say <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> is eventually <math>\epsilon</math>-close to <math>x</math> iff there exists some <math>N \geq 1</math> such that for all <math>n \geq N</math> we have <math>|a_n - x| \leq \epsilon</math>. | We say <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> is eventually <math>\epsilon</math>-close to <math>x</math> iff there exists some <math>N \geq 1</math> such that for all <math>n \geq N</math> we have <math>|a_n - x| \leq \epsilon</math>. | ||
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We say that <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> is continually <math>\epsilon</math>-adherent iff for every <math>N \geq 1</math> there exists some <math>n \geq N</math> such that <math>|a_n - x| \leq \epsilon</math>. | We say that <math>(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty</math> is continually <math>\epsilon</math>-adherent iff for every <math>N \geq 1</math> there exists some <math>n \geq N</math> such that <math>|a_n - x| \leq \epsilon</math>. | ||
I think we can even define <math>A_n := \{x : |a_n-x| \leq \epsilon\}</math>. | I think we can even define <math>A_n := \{x \in \mathbf R : |a_n-x| \leq \epsilon\}</math>. | ||
[[Category:Probability]] | [[Category:Probability]] | ||
Revision as of 21:54, 31 July 2019
Let be a sequence of events in some sample space . Let be an outcome.
In the following table, all statements in the "infinitely often" column are logically equivalent. Similarly, all statements in the "almost always" column are logically equivalent.
| perspective | infinitely often | almost always |
|---|---|---|
| unions and intersections | ||
| first-order quantifiers | ||
| verbal expression | for infinitely many | for almost all , i.e. for all but finitely many , i.e. for finitely many |
| lim sup/lim inf | ||
| limit of sup/inf |
Analogy with sequences of real numbers
Let be a sequence of real numbers, let be a real number, and let be a real number.
We say is eventually -close to iff there exists some such that for all we have .
We say that is continually -adherent iff for every there exists some such that .
I think we can even define .